In Chapter 10 of Book 4 of The Lord of the Rings, the idea of heroism and companionship is shown, which contrasts with the discussion of betrayal in Book 4 Chapter 3 of The Gulag Archipelago. In The Lord of the Rings, Tolkein displays the loyalty of Sam as he fights for Frodo and even plans to kill Gollum for him. This is shown when Tolkein writes, “Now he tried to find strength to tear himself away and go on a lonely journey- for vengeance. If once he could go, his anger would bear him down all the roads of the worlds, pursuing, until he had him at last: Gollum” (Tolkien 732). Here, it is evident that after fighting and killing Shelob, Sam has shown his loyalty for Frodo, but still leaves his body since he believes Frodo is dead. Tolkein describes how hard it is for Sam to leave his companion, which suggests that Sam would never betray Frodo and is heartbroken that he must leave him. Now, Sam is isolated which is represented through his anger and sadness after being forced to leave Frodo behind. On the other hand, betrayal is discussed in The Gulag Archipelago in Chapter 3 of Book 4, as Solzheninstyn describes how betrayal was a form of existence for them as they tried to survive in a state of Totalitarianism. This is shown when Solzheninstyn says, “The mildest and at the same time most widespread form of betrayal was not to do anything bad directly, but just not to notice the doomed person next to one, not to help him, to turn away one’s face, to shrink back” (Solzhenitsyn 323). Here, the idea of betrayal against one’s companions, friends, and families is described and represents the destructive community and environment they all lived in. This contrasts with Sam and Frodo, because although they also exist in a threatening environment, their companionship and loyalty for each other still lasts throughout the book, whereas betrayal in Solzheninstyn’s environment was necessary for survival.